Service Dog Training ¼ºñ½º °³ ÈÆ·Ã
Dog Behavior Training June 30th, 2008 °³´Â µ¿ÀÛÀ» ±³À° 6 ¿ù, 2008 30 Service Dog Training: How to Prepare Your Dog ¼ºñ½º °³ ÈÆ·Ã : ¾î¶»°Ô ³× °³ Áغñ
There are three types of assistance dogs- the hearing dog, the guiding dog and the service dog. °Å±â º¸Á¶°ßÀÇ ¼¼ Á¾·ù - û¹®È¸ °³°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, °¡À̵ù °³°¡°ú ¼ºñ½º °³. All have the same purposes, to help people with disabilities with their life¡¯s daily tasks. ¸ðµÎ, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àλý¿¡ Àå¾Ö°¡ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» µ½±â À§ÇØ ÀÏÀÏ ÀÛ¾÷°ú µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ» °®°íÀÖ´Ù. Service dogs go beyond helping people with hearing or sight impairment. °³µéÀÌ Ã»·ÂÀ̳ª ½Ã·Â Àå¾Ö¸¦ °¡Áø »ç¶÷À» µ½´Â ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ¶Ù¾î ³Ñ¾î.
They could also be trained as seizure response dogs or mobility assistance dogs depending on the special training the owner needs. ±×µéÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÀ´ä °³¸¦ ¹ßÀÛÀ̳ª À̵¿¼ºÀ» Áö¿ø ¾È³»°ßÀ¸·Î ¼ÒÀ¯ÀÚÀÇ ¿ä±¸¿¡ µû¶ó Ư¼ö ±³À° ÈÆ·ÃÀÌ µÉ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. However, dogs could only accomplish such services if they have received proper service dog training. ±×·¯³ª ¸¸¾à ±×µéÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÑ ¼ºñ½º¸¦ °³¸¦ ÈÆ·ÃÀ»¹ÞÀº °³´Â °°Àº ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ´Þ¼ºÇÒ ¼öÀÖ´Ù.
TRAINING ±³À°
There are two forms of training service dogs: self-training and program training. °³¸¦ ÈÆ·Ã ¼ºñ½ºÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö ÇüÅ : ÀÚ±â - ±³À° ¹× ÈÆ·Ã ÇÁ·Î±×·¥.
Self-training, like most kinds of dog training, is facilitated by the owner themselves. ¼¿ÇÁ - ÈÆ·Ã, °¾ÆÁö ÈÆ·Ã ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Á¾·ùó·³ ¼ÒÀ¯ÀÚ°¡ ½º½º·Î¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÃËÁøµÈ´Ù. While it could be harder than hiring a professional dog trainer, self training could enhance the relationship and interdependence of the owners and the dogs. ±×°ÇÀÖÀ» ¼ö ¼¼°Ô Àü¹® Æ®·¹À̳ʸ¦ °í¿ë °³ ÀÌ»ó µ¿¾È, ÀÚ±â ÈÆ·ÃÀÇ »óÈ£ °ü°è¿Í ¼ÒÀ¯ÀÚ¿Í °³µéÀÌ °È ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
A number of dogs could be trained for service works. ¾Ö¿Ï°ßÀÇ ¼ýÀÚ ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ÀÛǰ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÈÆ·ÃÀÌ µÉ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Some people choose to train their old pets as suitable partners especially f the dog has shown some tendencies to become good in medical condition assistance. ¾î¶² »ç¶÷µéÀº ¾Ö¿Ï µ¿¹°À» ¿Â÷¿¡ ƯÈ÷ ÀûÇÕÇÑ ÆÄÆ®³Ê·Î ±×µéÀÇ ¿¾¿© °³ ÀÇ·á Áö¿ø¿¡ ÁÁÀº Á¶°ÇÀÌµÇ°í ¾î¶² ¼ºÇâÀ» º¸À̰íÀÖ´Ù ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. However, some people obtain their dogs from dog breeders with training the dog for service in their minds. ±×·¯³ª ÀϺΠ»ç¶÷µéÀº ¸¶À½¼Ó¿¡ ¼ºñ½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³°¡ °¾ÆÁö ÈÆ·Ã¿¡¼ ±×µéÀÇ °³ »çÀ°À» ±¸ÇϽʽÿÀ.
Handlers of dogs could research on several techniques and procedures for training a dog for this particular purpose. ¾Ö¿Ï°ßÀÇ Çڵ鷯ÀÌ Æ¯Á¤ ¸ñÀûÀ»À§ÇÑ ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ±â¼ú°ú ÀýÂ÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Ö°ß ÈÆ·Ã¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. There are a number of online resources and written literature on how to train a dog for service works. °Å±â ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³ ¿Â÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿Â¶óÀÎ ¸®¼Ò½º ¹× ¼¸é ¹®ÇÐÀÇ ¼ýÀÚÀÔ´Ï´Ù. However, some people choose to hire professional organizations specializing in this field to do the work for them. ±×·¯³ª ÀϺΠ»ç¶÷µéÀ»À§ÇÑ Àü¹® Á¶Á÷ÀÌ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ ÀÏÀ» Àü¹®ÀûÀ¸·Î °í¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
The main disadvantage is that the dog would learn on a faster pace due to highly developed techniques that these organizations have. ÁÖ¿ä ´ÜÁ¡Àº ±× °³°¡ ºü¸¥ ¼Óµµ·Î ÀÌµé ´Üü°¡ °íµµ·Î ¹ß´ÞÇÑ ±â¼ú·Î ÀÎÇØ¿¡¼ ¹è¿ì´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. However, training stops when the dogs were sent to their owners unless the dog owners are knowledgeable in this type of training. ±×·¯³ª ÈÆ·ÃÀ»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÇÑ °³ ÁÖÀÎ ÈÆ·Ã ¶§ ÀÌ·± Á¾·ùÀÇ Áö½ÄÀÌ °³´Â ÁÖÀο¡°Ô º¸³»ÁøÀ» ÁßÁöÇÕ´Ï´Ù. For owner-trained dogs however, training never stops. ±×·¯³ª ÁÖÀÎÀÌ µé¾î - ÈÆ·ÃµÈ °³¸¦ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¸ØÃßÁö ¾Ê¾Æ.
Nevertheless, if the owner buys a dog from a breeder with the intention of making a service dog out of it, the breeder would first give prior training on basic commands such as sit, come, stay and no. ±×·¯³ª, ¸¸¾à ±×°ÍÀÇ ¼ºñ½º °³ ¸¸µé°í ¼ÒÀ¯ÁÖÀÇ Àǵµ¸¦ °¡Áø Á¾Á·¿¡¼ °¾ÆÁö¸¦ ±¸ÀÔ, óÀ½À¸·Î °°Àº Á¾Á·, À̸®¿Í, ¾É¾ÆÀ־ ±âº» ¸í·É¾î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »çÀü ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ÁÙ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Then, the owner would fill in the newer commands that he needs such as opening the door or turning off the lights. ±×·¸´Ù¸é ÁÖÀÎÀº ±×°¡ ¹®À» ¿©´Â µî ºÒ ²ô±â·Î ¿ä±¸Çϰųª »õ·Î¿î ¸í·É¿¡ ä¿ï °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
On the other hand, program-trained dogs are especially bred and trained for service works. ¹Ý¸é¿¡, ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ - ÈÆ·ÃµÈ °³¸¦ »çÀ°ÇÏ°í Æ¯È÷ ¼ºñ½º°¡ ÀÛµ¿À»À§ÇÑ ÈÆ·ÃÀ»Çß´Ù. Normally, these dogs are trained for more than a year to get acclimatized on special situations and people to whom they are trained to respond. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î,ÀÌ °³µéÀÌ 1 ³â ÀÌ»ó Æ¯º°ÇÑ »óȲ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÈÆ·ÃÀ»ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ´©±¸¿¡°Ô ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â ÈÆ·ÃÀ»ÇÏ´Â acclimatized¸¦ ¾òÀ¸·Á°í ¸»¾ß.
Training could be administered in a number of ways. ÈÆ·ÃÀº ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î °ü¸®ÇÒ ¼öÀÖ´Ù. In United States, training could be administered by select prison inmates. ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÏ¿© ±³µµ¼Ò Àç¼ÒÀÚ °ü¸®°¡ µÉ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. This process has been proven to be of great value since inmates could facilitate proper training while improving their socialization skills in the process. ÀÌ °úÁ¤ÀºÀÌ °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ¼ö°¨ÀÚµéÀÇ »çÈ¸È ´É·ÂÀ» Çâ»ó ÀÌÈÄ ÀûÀýÇÑ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ÃËÁø ¼öÀÖ´Â ÈǸ¢ÇÑ °¡Ä¡ÀÓÀÌ ÀÔÁõµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
To avail of a service dog, the applicant must undergo an application and evaluation process. °¾ÆÁöÀÇ ¼ºñ½º ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ·Á¸é, ½ÅûÀÚ´Â ½Åû ¹× Æò°¡ ÀýÂ÷¸¦ ¹Þ°ÔÇØ¾ßÇÕ´Ï´Ù. After this, the future owner will have to be listed on the waiting list while a dog fit for the specific services is being trained. ±×·¯³ª ƯÁ¤ ¼ºñ½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀûÀÀ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹Þ°í °³°¡ÀÌ ÈÄ, ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ÁÖÀÎÀº ´ë±âÀÚ ¸í´Ü¿¡ ³ª¿ÇؾßÇÑ´Ù. Such dogs could be given without charge while some organizations will require the handler to pay some fees with or without financial assistance offered. ¾î¶² Á¶Á÷À̳ª ÀçÁ¤ Áö¿ø¾øÀÌ´Â ¾î¶² ºñ¿ëÀ» ÁöºÒÇϵµ·Ï ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â µî 󸮱⠰³¸¦ ¹«·á·Î Á¦°ø µÉ ¼öÀÖ´Ù.
Once the owner obtains his dog, he has to work with the dog for sometime to get him used to the way the new handler deals with training. ÀÏ´Ü ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °³°¡ ÁÖÀÎÀ» ¾ò½À´Ï´Ù, ±×´Â ¾ðÁ¨°¡´Â ±× ¹æ½Ä¿¡ Àͼ÷ÇØ °³°¡ ÇÔ²² ÀÛµ¿Çϵµ·ÏÇϰíÀÖ´Ù ÈÆ·Ã¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »õ 󸮱⸦ ´Ù·ç°íÀÖ´Ù. This could take a few weeks up to months. ¸î ÁÖ ÃÖ´ë °³¿ùÀÌ °É¸± ¼öµµÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. The dog needs to be sent back to the training organization to update training. °³ ÈÆ·Ã ±â°ü¿¡ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ´Ù½Ã ¾÷µ¥ÀÌ Æ®¸¦ À¯µµÇؾßÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Service dog training does not only produce dogs that could be of good assistance to those people with disabilities. ¼ºñ½º °³ ÈÆ·Ã¿¡¸¸ ÁÁÀº µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ ¼öÀÖ´Â Àå¾Ö¸¦ °¡Áø »ç¶÷µéÀÌ °¾ÆÁö¸¦ »ý»êÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. They are also good emotional supports and companions. ±×µéÀº Á¤¼Àû Áö¿ø ¹× µ¿¹ÝÀÚ ÁÁ´Ù.
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